Built-up gun.



A. H. EMERY.

BUILT-UP GUN.

APPucATloN FILED Avast. ma.

Patented Oct. 30, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET L A. H. EMERY.

BUILT-UP GUN.

APPLICATION FILED Aue.a1. |916.

Patented Oct.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 24 PTENT formes.

,nmanernemmbn EMRY., on stemmen, Seminarraum.

swzm-U11 GUN.

gemis.

` EMERY, e Citizen fofthe United .StatesA rrefat Stamford, inthe eeunty'o f 'Fein field State of "Cenneeti'reut,y have entrent l yWberetthefwbolelgun 'is so leng este fremder `[difficult the productionJafnd tempering `ineke it extremely ndrifle the bere "es `transversedimension l )medenni guns eine :ef fsueb lamge ropenor ing :and utempering nf fthe ni tail et which HVthey were!zeomposed-a and fof ifull`lenfgtln of "the fiend inconvenient fte :ewlziber :i single "piece, it:has

fiorglings `flle been proposed to 1ineke the gun im more than with tbelexeeletion fof fthe Lbree ber, and the other .member onelongitudinalsseetiem y Grens lbuilt up jot 'aaplurelity fof concentriesedtion's are msually tulzl :issserribled beteretbey 1ere invllyberediand titled, .fg-reet seme diameter throughout its lerrgth, lexceptthe shetseet Where tapering "for .a dis- In making large guns wecordin'g`to `the present invention, he fbodyiencl @basent ftbe gun @reproducedas 513W@ Separate members,

i one Comprising 1 l" n together with the erempfrnt 'of lttlie @haseIthe mein" body ofthe gun,

'Wlicli l shell bereina'iter *Gall the bedy dfcernfpnising the remainderof the chase, zend berei-naifter called tbe muzzle member.y fof ftllesetwo mein members may be constructed'tifo'm e single piece of metal, butI preter rte imake i einen lof seid :members `of sseyeral pieces,permanently assembled ftogetber fby .shrinking outer pants Lfuqwon innerparte, for by permanentl'y :expanding 1inner parts outward againstpairts "Wli' b @surround them, "as I lieve described Vin Votherpzutents., The twfe rn'zifin members offtn'e fgun may fb'e ibored aandnilfd `after'they fame efssendbled`tegetbe'r7 but to fdo `thi-e5 'flibe-`lathe i and riing mzi'cli'ine rre- `qniivecl 'would Yb'e very Y#longfend massive. Gonsequ'entl pieter-ite fbone andr-lie these two mein.unembersee'ere they fare Rasseln;

bled together. .-Axgeed'wey fte assembletle "f 1 "muzzle member theme-gymember that they Ierebuilt-inp said drawng et "several conoentriemieees.fin eerder :to `1 admit appa/rams,

` y ,intentaba-511.30,11911;

` miieamennieaugustzsi, 191e. serial No. 117,937.

have `'the tbody member v'Cold and the muzzle member 'heated isulcientlyto -zxlloyv the `latter to be 1'pzi'ssed d`.over the formen, thefdistance wvhrroln` it s desired fte bave tliem overlap.

A guneonstrueted in accordance with the present invention 'fisillustrated fin itlre gefe- Yeennpainyrifnlg\ drawings, .Ethe detailsfof eenfst'nuction fbeirrgsuiteble lier e *SO-feelibw gun.

\ .Figure 1 lis limpian of the :complete .gung

Fig. .2 is a: tplenlipzvntlyinfevxaxl section, showing, on en .enlargedsettle, the `portion I'cf the ggun extending from the ibreeeh tendforwwrd to about fthe lsifne JMJ of iFig. f1;

3 :is e 'vieyvsimilztrrto Fig. @yellowing on v:the sinne ienflfm.ediseafle7 theiportion 'oit tberg'un extending em fthe muzzle end rewr--Ward :to Yabout the linefJ-J fett iFig. flz; :and 'F ig. fil ls zedetail view showing, seetionupon ia sstill Vlarger scale, tbe portieri'of tbe fgnn extending `b oth orw 1rd 'amd freer'- Wamd'fromfthelinels-J o 1li-gland :inlc'ludrng the parte :immediately Concerned `Inakin-gthe joint between the body member and `@the nnuzzle anenber, whichjoint, ifn the .present instance, is about two mrd ene-helft eeil'berslong.

lnieae'h 'ofntheztlgures B represents the -be'dy member iand the muzzlemember, Wlrifle pairtsfenterng ,into tbe :construction :of these malinmembers :are given tbe same letters :distinguished by smell letters Aes,liereinartter'iindiezited elrezrdy istafted, the l members iB mind iMmight Ybe mede ee'ch ef *e `single fpiece @if met-afl pmperly fon-ged,'tempered und dressed, but im Ythe ,.gunfseleoted ltor illustratien,they :rrelbuil'tsup eli-:rplurality effconjcentriz'c parte. When thusbuilt fup, the dirent end .Bam ,ezt the .fjee'ket, -W'h'ere it surroundsvthe inner 'pzurtt is rpreferablythrezrded, fas shown more Clearly inEig. 4L to avoid `any `danger of relative slipping Vbetween rthese parteat @time of tiring.; :and similarly the muzzle .memberiM preferablyfbasits parte M1 and Mc rsel'ewedntdgetber, fus alsoshem more roleazrly iniFig,` e.

.The body member i Bend muzzlemember M are :assembled together :byeverlepping their .meeting ends iter "a sui-table fdistame, suola ferinstance asdzhe distance between :the lime s where `their jackets @abutsind tlire line (iEg. :143, where their bore tubes abut. In a gun havingtbegprepontigens :sub

if, stanti'ally as4 *shownV vembodiment e the Vinver.ltion selected forl illu'strat ion,f,thisY I y distancewill Ybe'rabout twoand one-halfcali-vy Y. v In Vfitting-K.'these twov parts` of the vgun forassembling,

bers, and theseabutting parts of Y tive members.Y arel "also l offsetsiin theirabutting faces.` ,Where the partBa tli'frefspdee-"fy stepped toproduce- Moreover,

member; their 'overlapped faces edtogethe'r. Y

greatv care must be lused to v see` thatthe distancesbetween theynormalen-faces- Vofltl'iefbofdy Vgreater ,than thea correspondingdistancesV 'between theseenormal faces on AthezmuZZ'lel member atJ-Jfand are F member `sok that Whenassembled andQShrunk likewise .the'faces ,v together the'rejLWilllbea' hea-uy. strainv oflonfi j.gitudinalgtension- .on theoverlappingfmuzzle 20 g overlapped bod-yvpart, andv Vall v thev interjfen-` 1i ingno-rmal adjoining faces 1"each'fothergwhenassembled, Y. ."In ttingfthe ,threads of the lrearpartlMaof theinuzzle member andthe forward ipart .Blalof the 'bodi member, beYsuch that-fwheng' the bled `and these parts yhave beenl brought toafcommon temperature,

part and of longitudinal Vcompressifon ,on thev should notptouchmembers' are 'assem'e p p p the facesv ,andMxn Willi be pressed veryltightly together and '-butthere Will be no pressure on the othervVfafces lof vthese threads. 'loA accomplish this,

' the-partMt-Will be shrunk on.' the. part Ba,

yannif-the 'inner and outer diameters,1respec' n lftiveb,fofLtheserpartsgwill befso determined and the Y.thi-eadsnareVv so formed,that. when the partsare ingtheir proper places, shrin'kupon ythevpartlBaxWlll v,develop heavygpressure. between the abut' i ting faces Baindber-.established in `orderto'make thisv joint A ,p `'havethedesired.transverse stiffness. i

Mx; This ,Condition must c making Y the ,threadslzbetween the `parts vMe and -B-theyshould zbe so proportioned 'that' the thread faces:alternating with the y' f bearing. faces VTx Will nottouehreaehfother.V

' w- Ifthe` bodygwmember-vanddmuzzle member "of the gun a'reboredsfembling `them f together, the part kMF `Awill be K v*expanded so thatit will havev about the same diameter and 'strainy and? rilied beforeLas-4 of tension AWhil'e this 'Work is being done, as it Will have inthe 'While the l Workl is being carried Wiselthe bore Wouldfbe Atoof'small after as'- 'assembled gun. Q'Should it be bored Withoutthis-temporary expansion, the bore 'ofl theV be too large. Similarly,when boring'thebody part Bb, this part Will be compressed Vtemgentiallyon, as other- .Y sembling 'the "partfwith theA part :Mb of the vmuzzlemember, because the seizing pres+V Y sureof thepart Mgif as great-'as it4should v Ybe," Will lconsiderably vredl'lcejthe diameter of the bore*inV thepart, 'ZB j bix Zlevpart i Y of the; l@Ody'member is `AVget her,'pfartfMltheiittngs should',v y

g compression: necessary TX,TX, ofV their threads, Y

main members ,of the;V

winember, so that `after goodgway,tofreduce v-thevloairt BP, when Yveizing jcapacityy suiicient to reduce. the

Y.louter diameter ofthe'part Bb the sameVas-it Vass'errblihg With themuzv-L YThe part Bcfv'vhich projects into the part :Mflshould have p itsouter diametenand YingtiiiargerY sionsofYthefseatfprovidedin part Matorelthan corresponding dimeirV 'ceive it, sothat when thefbo'dy member'andA muzzle memberrjare;assembled,lthere will bek boringlisgtoshrinkfaband uponit that has `a large 'tangential and"'longitudinal, vstrains ofcompression-onthepartBi, v ,Y r Gro'oves gare provided between thellongitudinally ovkerlappingfaces:` of' lthe parts e 1M? .andfBtQrender'thejoint gas-tight andv kpref leo Yrentleakageat MY1. These Vgrooves.maybe eo 'the'desired'strainof ff* v y compression i q -If the final boringand rifling; of-,the-v two Y Y gun is done before assembllngthemftogether, care' must vbe eX- lercisecl toy seexthat when they areyassemlzil'ed together,l the riing grooves of oneexactly match those oftherother.y ff' 1 Y' f l f-When, in the ,foregoing spe'ciication or in.the 'sub1o1vneclwela1msy the term. body member orthe termT 5muzzle'memb'er.

is used,

vit is tob'e lunderstoodiin 'eachfinstanoq 1111-.

`less lspecifically qualified,- as" meaningthe yparticular Vmemberindicated,ywh"etherv made Vof one pieoeofl metal-'or built` up oftwoor:more pieces' 'of metal c firmly Vassembled togethefivf,-j f -'K fand amuzzle member, said ,members being A gun'for'med of two members, inamely fa body gmember, consisting of the body and-a portion ofthe chaseof the gun,

issembled'together ,by overlapping the. rear of the muzzle-member uponthe forward end of the body 'member through a Veryjeon'sid.-

era'blefportion of t e` longitudinal dimen-v -sion ofthe gun, therinnerdiameter ofthe .overlappingpart lof the'muzzle" member be- 1 foreassembling being less ythan `the outer diameter of thel overlapped partofthe-body the'rear end'of they muzzle.;par(t"hes been shrunkV'onthefront CTL faces alternating with' said bearin faces,that remainlout of contact. i f

'10; Agun formed of tvvomain'membersr, namely a body member and Vamuzzle Inem-v ber assembled together by overlapping the meeting ends ofdiameter of theouter overlapping part I-b'efore assembling. beinglessfthanA the outer causing thesefparts. to s eize each otherthe-frontlportion of the bodymemaxgasftight joint Vbetween their normalmeeted'andfscrewe'don to the body partV therear normal-giace f the'muzzle part -WillVv thegtui-atthe Sametime thenormal face on lee the ffront abutting face provded'iforit vinthe muzzle Vend 'of thebodyepartstrikes the the vrear end vof the muzzle Vpart lnavefbeen so formed andpositioned that ywhenv .the "muzzleiplart iszheatedgandscrevved on thebody part untilits rear face 'strikesthe body part; the decreasingldiameter of the muzzle part', f. as Ait 6001s,.

bearing'fa'ce's of fthe threads `to--f0rce the rear ',face' of themuzzle v part v-very firmly will cause` the inclined give; great1transverse stiffness to the gun at thispoint. 5

' A 4111A' gun 'ormedof: two main members,

' 'overlapping namely a body A member andv a muzzle member assembledytogetherfby overlapping the meeting endsffof the members and bring-vingvtheir end yfaces in abutment; eachfof the extending "for aiconsiderable portion ofi-the cfgthe Vouter "overlapping part vby screvvthreadsfwhich in assembling f draw the ineinberS-gnrmly' together'longitudinally f and leave the outeroverlapping partiund'er .lon-

gitudinal strains lof Vtension and the'inner overlapped partv vunderlongitudinal strains l2. nA. gun formed of twomain members,v

- namely a body. member and a muzzle memb er assembled'tog'etherbyvover-lapping the meeting endsfiof-"saiTd-f,members;-each mem#Vberhaving its overlapping part constructed with a pluralityVofdiameterswitli shoulders providing longitudinal abutting faces at theadjoiningends of the'members Vand offsets between the yparts ofdifferent. diameter.; vthe overlapped parts Ybeing offsuch relative di-vameters that they seize-very. firmly one upon g: inclined theA saidmembers,'tl1efinner 1 beingl y .ment` with ase'aling strike the,corresponding yface Von the body part of radial offset :providingtudinalabutment lWhen the v tvvo mainmem-V bers-are assembled'ftogetherand being parts ofv the respective mem'- bers f'having;japl'uralityofgend faces,V 'vvi'thj intervening.; overlapping cylindricall faces ymember seizes rml embodying in vtheir the other V assembled shrunk :to.i

gether,A andthev inner'part of the body-ibenamelya body member andamuzzlemremV berassembled together by overlapping the meetingends of saidmembersg: eachV Ymeiner having-its overlapping jpartA ConstructedV withaplurality of diameterswith 'shoulders providing*longitudinal.abuttingfaces 'form-l ing offsets between-the cylindrical? parts of di'erentdiameters; lbeing of such relative! diameters that they seizeiffirmlyone lupon theother VWhen as- Y the# overlapped* parts sembled5--afnd theinnermostparts being provided.-V adjacent toitheir j longitudinal 'abutlY increase the' sealing eiectrf 14. VA gun formedg'of two'mainnielnlmrs,v

namely a b'ody'memberv anda muzzle member vassembled 'togethers-byoverlapping the rear end. offthe1muzzle=membr upon vthe forwardVendjofithe body member; thelover-` f lapping lparte Yolpithe respective-members being each constructedwitha lplurality of memberseizes firmlyupon ythe inner nienr' inYA addition to "jtheir inner parts; each jacketforming With the threadedto thepart Within'it to prevent part'Withinuit7a1 a Vface/for longilprojection onvfone part and a seationftherotherpartfto ffreceive said .sealing :proj ection ;1' one 1 ro ifithelcircumferemv vtial faces ofsaid sealingfprojeetion' and s e'at f Y Lbeing'fformedfwith intervening kgrooilfes to eel diameters andtherelative diametersrof the f overlapping parts being such-that theouter against thelabutting faceoi" the body 'to'V longitudinal.slippingl under -the f' abutting action@y y 15.'1A gun formed oftvvomain members, namely a bodymemberand a muzzle inem b erassembledftogether by overlappingl the the muzzle member upon therear'end' of forward endof the'bodylmember; the overlappingY parts 'ofthe?.respectiyemernbers being each constructed` with a plurality'ofdia/meters and they relative diameters of the overlappingvparts beingsuch that the outer y upon the inner mem# ber Vwhen they are assembledsaid members in addition totheir inner parte; .each Vjacket structure,outer Vj ackets forming With the part Within it, aradial offsetproviding a face forV longitudinal abutment When the two main'membersare assembled together Yand vbeing threaded to the partwithin ittoprevent longitudinal slipping under the abutting vaction threads beingprovided bet-Ween thebody member andthe rear `end of theljacketzofthemuzzle eetlprovidng la face las f the main i of the gun, and a muzzlemember, said memt member-f fvvnich `draw the `two main membersngitudinallytogether in assembling.

l Argunfformed of two mafiiiiiiembers,

lyl'ia bodymember ant amuzzle meinembled together `by overlapping the jdof themuzzle member upon the ward end ofthe body imember; the over-1111i! la ping parts fof' the respective members b ngeach constructedwithw'a plurality of d meters landthe relative `dia-metersofthe i orl'appingIpartsfbeinglsuch that the outer niemberfseizesl` firmly upon`the inner mem- @when` they are assembled; said members 'bo'dying intheir structure, outer jackets *dition to `their inner -p arts 51 each jaclret with thepart within it, a radial offfor longitudinal abuti j mentwhen the twomainmembers areassembledtogether anfd beingthreaded to thepart within" it" tolprevent longitudinal slipping under` `the abuttingaction; threads being j provicled between the body member and the 3rearend of the jacket of the muzzle mem i for i `bert`v"hich draw the"two main members lon'- gitudinally together in assembling; the lon- Egitudinal parts of the body member lying between Y its abutting facesbeing greater than the corresponding dimensions of the overlapping partsof the muzzle member, whereby i the seating of the abutting faces putslon- Vgitudinal strains of tension on the outer member and longitudinalstrains of compression lupon the inner member.

l 17,. A gun formed of two main members, namely a body member whichconstitutes body and a portion of the chase fbers being assembledtogether by overlapgpingthe rear end of the muzzle member upon theforward part ofthe body member for considerable portion of thelongitudinal j dimension of the gun; the interior diameter -wof theoverlapping part of the muzzle niember before assembling being less thanthe bodyniember, sothat after the rear end of "1 the muzzle part hasbeen `shrunk on the p front end of the bodypart, the friction by `thepressure between these overlapping parts will hold them firmly together;these two 1?8. A gun formed of two main members, namely a body memberwhich constitutes the mainbody and a portion of the chase of the "g'un,and a muzzle member,

forward part of the body member for a i `considerableportion yof thelongitudinal di-` mension of the gun; the interior diameter of the`overlapping part of the muzzle member` l" before assembling being lessthan the outer dimensions of the overlapped outer diameter of theoverlappedpart of the said members being assembled together byoverlapping the t "gjrearCend of the muzzle member upon the parts of theoverlapped "diameter of the overlapped part of the body of eachpartfwill be of 4uniform diameter all the way infeach piece and will beof the sainediameteriin the overlapped-part of the Y bodyas it is inl`the niuzzleadjoiiiiiig.

19. A gunformed oftwomaiii members, namely 1 body member whichconstitutes the main body and a portion of the chase of the gun, andamuzzle member, said inemb'ers being assembled together by overlap`pingfthe lreaiuendfof thelinu'zzle member upontlie forward part ofthe`body member forY al'c'onsiderable portion ofthe longitudinal dimensionof thegun; the interior di-` ameter `of Vthe overlapping part of themuzzle member before assembling being less than the outer diameter ofthe overlapped part of the body member, so that after the rear end ofthe muzzle 4part has been shrunk on the front end of the body part, thefriction by `the pressure between these overlappingparts will hold themfirmly together; these two main parts of the gun each having been boredand rified before assembling, and in such a way that when assembled, thebore of each part will be of uniform diameter all the way in eachpieceand will be of the same diameter in the overlapped part of the body asit is in the muzzle adjoining, the portion of the body which isoverlapped by the muzzle part after assembling having been compressedwhen being bored to the same extent that it will be in the finished gunafter assembling andthat part of the muzzle member which overlaps thebody member having been extended to the same extent while the muzzlepart was being bored that it will be when the two main parts of the gunare finally assembled.

20. A gun formed of two main members, namely a body member whichconstitutes the main body and a portion of the chase of the gun, and amuzzle member, said members being assembled together by overlapping therear end of the muzzle member upon the forward part of the body memberfor a considerable portion of the lo-ngitudikbody partwhen assembled,and oneofgthese two "main partsyof: thefgunrhaving been f bored befo thetime'i Qfboring that`the bore of this .overlapped partfwlllhavethe:sameY diameter Vwhen being 'boredi thatv itV Will havewhen`assembledfinxtheinished gun.-v Y i l namely body member; [consisting 1ofzrthe y main body Apart of the'gunand'a portion of' the .Chase ofthegn'n, anda muzzle member consisting of aglargfe `portionjof the 'chase ithe f forward; 'fpart of Y considerable portion Y ofi 'the longitudinaldimension ea'c'hf-llember being formedin: itsloiyelapped portion Witha.pluralitygof diameters, the

f interior diameters 'ofv the `overlapping* parts reassemblingwith'theother, fthej Y oYerlappi-'ngp'art ofthis member'having had v ;5:is,uehatangential;strain-put upon'tdring 21T.. A) giinformedoftwvo mainmembers,

of theY gun,l ,saldi vmembers'V being; assembledA v [i together?lay-*overlapping the rear] end of the ioffthe'muzlermemberbeforeassemblingbef ing-less thanitheexteriordiameters ofthe eorresponding'parts of the `,overlappe'd bodypart,` these d lapping f parte causing i a ylarge v tangentiallstraiizllgoi e .part and la" large Vtangential strain of com'-Vpression'` in ,the` overlapped.v bodyl part/after these'tw'orjmainvparts have been assembled;

relatveidiameters' of: theoverv-V tension Iinl-*the overlappingmuzzleeach of these two :main partsuhavlngr been v boredrb'efore'assemblingwith. the othelglhe overlap-ping parts-of parts When-.bengboredhavingeihad such tangential strains put uponthem,qthat ,when

these 'wie `main parts lhavefbeen. assembled Withfeaeh other; ythediameter Yof the. bore',

, n,f andneartheoverlappedpartWill be 'of' onecontinuous,sizefrgiV Y. Yil .f'lhe 5; Vforegoing v specification 'signedaat Glenbrook,yConneetieu@ this Y thirtiethv day of"Agust,1916. .f *Y f f ALBERTHA.opieggifhthispatent may 'bei-@tained fior five entseach;.bygaddressingthe Commissioner offzizteilts'.r

eah, of these 'main ILTQNEMERY., i

